Region: Japan
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Fundamental View
AS OF 26 Nov 2025After reorganising and building up capital for the full impact of Basel 3, SMFG has recently been acquisitive to develop its next phase of growth, and now has a lower capital buffer than Mizuho.
It has a strong retail, mid and large corporate franchise in Japan, but its securities arm SMBC Nikko punches below weight.
Given its size and systemic importance, SMFG is considered too big to fail, and will be supported by the Japanese government if needed.
Business Description
AS OF 26 Nov 2025- The core unit of SMFG is Sumitomo Mitsui Banking Corp (SMBC), whose main predecessors were Sumitomo Bank and Mitsui Bank.
- SMFG's group companies include the securities firm SMBC Nikko, SMBC Trust Bank, SMBC Card Company, SMBC Consumer Finance, Sumitomo Mitsui Finance and Leasing, SMFG India Credit Company (SMICC), Sumitomo Mitsui DS Asset Management, and SMBC Aviation Capital.
- SMFG does not have a large trust business as Sumitomo Trust and Chuo Mitsui Trust chose not to join SMFG, but merged with each other to form the separate Sumitomo Mitsui Trust Holdings.
- It has been acquisitive over the years, particularly in emerging Asia and leasing assets. In 2021, the group took a 49% stake in Vietnam's FE Credit, 74.9% of Indian NBFI Fullerton Capital (now called SMICC), 4.99% of Philippines' RCBC, and 4.5% of US investment bank Jefferies. In 2022, it increased its stake in RCBC to 20%. In 2023, it acquired a 15% stake in Vietnam's VP Bank, and increased its stake in Jefferies from 4.5% to 15%, and in 2024 took its stake in SMICC to 100%. In 2025 it took a 24% stake in India's Yes Bank, and increased its Jefferies stake to 20%.
Risk & Catalysts
AS OF 26 Nov 2025SMFG has the strongest Japan retail franchise amongst its peers, and a very strong corporate banking franchise.
Similar to the other megabanks, SMFG aims to focus more on the US, and reduce low return RWAs in Europe and Asia ex-Japan.
SMFG has made a number of acquisitions and taken stakes in banks and NBFIs in Vietnam, the Philippines, India and Indonesia. The group took JPY 135 bn of goodwill impairments in FY24 on its Vietnam investments. RoE on these investments has been poor.
It has increased its 15% stake in Jefferies to 20%, to develop revenue opportunities for SMBC Nikko. Further investments in SMBC Nikko will be required.
Its CET1 ratio buffer is ~200 bp, which we would like to see maintained.
Key Metric
AS OF 26 Nov 2025| JPY bn | FY21 | FY22 | FY23 | FY24 | 1H25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Net Interest Revenue/Average Assets | 0.64% | 0.68% | 0.70% | 0.82% | 0.88% |
| Operating Income/Average Assets | 1.23% | 1.26% | 1.39% | 1.44% | 1.58% |
| Operating Expense/Operating Income | 62% | 61% | 60% | 58% | 53% |
| Pre-Impairment Operating Profit / Average Assets | 0.48% | 0.51% | 0.58% | 0.60% | 0.79% |
| Impairment charge/Average Loans | (0.31%) | (0.22%) | (0.27%) | (0.32%) | (0.16%) |
| ROAA | 0.30% | 0.32% | 0.36% | 0.41% | 0.64% |
| ROAE | 5.9% | 6.5% | 7.0% | 8.0% | 12.5% |
CreditSight View Comment
AS OF 17 Nov 2025SMFG’s banking business had performed well, while its non-bank subsidiaries had underperformed over FY21-22. The group had a better 2H vs a poor 1H23, with improved trading and fee revenues, partially offset by higher credit costs at the non-bank businesses. The group became acquisitive from 2021, taking a 49% stake in a leading Vietnamese NBFI and 15% of its parent (VP Bank), 20% of RCBC of the Philippines, 74.9% of NBFI Fullerton India (now 100%), 4.5% in US IB Jefferies (increasing to 15%), and 24% of India’s Yes Bank for the next stage of growth. Its high CET1 ratio has been whittled down by acquisitions. FY24 results were boosted by share sales and structured investment trusts, 1H25 showed a large jump on base effects. Govt. support is assured. We like its PerpNC10 AT1s for duration.
Recommendation Reviewed: November 17, 2025
Recommendation Changed: August 05, 2025
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Fundamental View
AS OF 26 Nov 2025MUFG is the largest of Japan’s three megabanks, and has the most diversified operations by business line and geography. It had also been the most acquisitive till the early 2020s.
Core profitability had been weak due to Japan’s ultra-low interest rates and growth; that improved post an efficiency drive and a CEO change in April 2020; the bank has improved international margins and fee income, and benefits from rising domestic interest rates.
Given its size and systemic importance, MUFG is considered too big to fail, and will be supported by the Japanese government if needed.
Business Description
AS OF 26 Nov 2025- The 2 main banks of MUFG are MUFG Bank (earlier Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ or BTMU) & Mitsubishi UFJ Trust & Banking. In the early stages of Japan's long banking crisis, Bank of Tokyo merged with Mitsubishi Bank, and in the late stages they absorbed UFJ (former Sanwa Bank & Tokai Bank) while Mitsubishi Trust absorbed Toyo Trust & Nippon Trust.
- The group includes consumer lenders Mitsubishi-UFJ NICOS & ACOM, and securities/IB JVs with Morgan Stanley. MUFG invested in Morgan Stanley in 2008 and now has a ~20% stake. In Dec-22, it completed the sale of its US retail and commercial bank, MUFG Union Bank, to US Bancorp.
- It has a majority stake in Thailand's Bank of Ayudhya (now Krungsri), 20% stakes in Vietnam's Vietinbank and Philippines' Security Bank, and 100% of Indonesia's Bank Danamon.
- In 2019, it acquired Colonial First State from Commonwealth Bank of Australia to strengthen its global asset management business, in 2020 it invested $700 mn in SE Asia's Grab, and more recently has bought Home Credit's Philippine and Indonesian subsidiaries, Link (an Australian pension fund administrator), auto loan companies in Indonesia, Albacore Capital, StanChart's Indonesian retail operations, and a stake in an Indian NBFI.
Risk & Catalysts
AS OF 26 Nov 2025Its recent divisional performance has been strong, with the domestic businesses benefiting from higher BOJ rates, and robust growth in fee income.
Credit costs have been rising because of increased exposure to personal unsecured loans in Japan and Southeast Asia, as well as higher-risk lending in Southeast Asia.
Its close relationship with Morgan Stanley has led it to take large positions in US corporate finance loans, which has been problematic on occasion.
We see limited risk from rising JGB yields as the large equity unrealised gains dwarf the unrealised losses on the bond portfolio.
Key Metric
AS OF 26 Nov 2025| JPY bn | FY21 | FY22 | FY23 | FY24 | 1H25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Net Interest Revenue/Average Assets | 0.57% | 0.79% | 0.64% | 0.73% | 0.73% |
| Operating Income/Average Assets | 1.11% | 1.22% | 1.23% | 1.22% | 1.48% |
| Operating Expense/Operating Income | 69% | 65% | 61% | 67% | 56% |
| Pre-Impairment Operating Profit / Average Assets | 0.34% | 0.43% | 0.48% | 0.40% | 0.65% |
| Impairment charge/Average Loans | (0.30%) | (0.61%) | (0.36%) | 0.00% | (0.12%) |
| ROAA | 0.32% | 0.30% | 0.39% | 0.47% | 0.65% |
| ROAE | 6.7% | 6.5% | 8.1% | 9.3% | 12.5% |
| CET1 post Basel 3 reforms excl. secs gains | 10.4% | 10.3% | 10.1% | 10.8% | 10.5% |
CreditSight View Comment
AS OF 07 Jan 2026MUFG is the largest of the megabanks with more diversified business lines than its peers. Digitalisation and operational efficiency improvements, in addition to higher rates in Japan and the US, had led to much better results in FY24. Lending discipline has lifted international margins; domestic margins though lag its peers. Its ~20% shareholding in Morgan Stanley has been a boon. Its $ liquidity is the best amongst its peers, and government support is assured. Its CET1 ratio ratio has fallen to ~180 bp, which we see as low; pro-forma for the Shriram acquisition it will fall to a particularly low ~120 bp. However, we see the group’s earnings power improving from BOJ rate rises and so continue with our Market perform recommendation. We see current levels on its 6NC5 of ~G+75 bp as fair.
Recommendation Reviewed: January 07, 2026
Recommendation Changed: August 05, 2025
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Fundamental View
AS OF 17 Nov 2025While expected profit margin compression is material and Toyota management has disclosed few details of its tariff risk mitigation strategy to improve or restore profitability, the company’s competitive position remains strong with volume growth expected in each of its major markets this year. Unlike many of its peers, its EV investments have been modest to date as it has focused on hybrids and flexible plant manufacturing, which we believe should help it avoid material near-term EV investment write-offs in the US. While we expect the company’s profit margin to fall below the rating downgrade triggers in FY26, we do not expect negative rating actions in the near term as further tariff relief is likely with the renegotiation of the US-Mexico-Canada Agreement in 2026.
Business Description
AS OF 17 Nov 2025- Toyota Motor Corp. (TMC) engages in the manufacture and sale of motor vehicles and parts. It operates through the following segments: Automotive, Financial Services, and All Other. The Automotive segment designs, manufactures, assembles and sells passenger cars, minivans, trucks, and related vehicle parts and accessories. Toyota is also involved in the development of intelligent transport systems. The Financial Services segment offers purchase or lease financing to Toyota vehicle dealers and customers. It also provides retail leasing through lease contracts purchased by dealers. The company was founded by Kiichiro Toyoda on August 28, 1937, and is headquartered in Toyota, Japan.
- Toyota Financial Services Corporation (TFSC), a wholly owned subsidiary of TMC, oversees the management of Toyota's finance companies worldwide. Toyota Motor Credit Corporation (TMCC) is the company’s principal financial services subsidiary in the United States. Under terms of the credit support agreement between TFSC and TMCC, TFSC agrees to: (1) maintain 100% ownership of TMCC; (2) cause TMCC and its subsidiaries to have a tangible net worth of at least $100,000; (3) make sufficient funds available to TMCC so that it will be able to service the obligations arising out of its own bonds, debentures, notes and other investment securities and commercial paper. The terms of the credit support agreement between TMC and TFSC are very similar to the terms of the TFSC and TMCC credit support agreement.
Risk & Catalysts
AS OF 17 Nov 2025Toyota has reaffirmed its FY2026 outlook, holding its consolidated vehicle sales target at 9.8 mn units and total revenue at ¥49.0 tn, representing YoY increases of 5% and 2%, respectively. The forecast for operating income was revised up from ¥3.2 tn last quarter to ¥3.4 tn. The revised operating income guidance represents a 29% YoY decline, reflecting the full-year impact of US tariffs totaling ¥1.45 tn, a ¥555 bn negative effect from yen appreciation, and an additional ¥470 bn in higher material costs.
Management stated these headwinds are expected to be partially offset by improvement initiatives totaling ¥910 bn, which include higher sales volume, enhanced product mix, cost reductions, and expanded value chain profit. The operating margin is projected to contract to 6.9% for FY2026, down from 10.0% in FY2025, with tariffs accounting for the largest share of the decline.
Management clarified that the tariff assumptions for FY2026 include a 25% rate on Japanese exports to the US from April through September 15, 2025, dropping to 15% for the remainder of the fiscal year, and a 25% rate on exports from Canada and Mexico for the full year.
Key Metric
AS OF 17 Nov 2025| JPY bn | FY22 | FY23 | FY24 | FY25 | LTM F2Q26 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Automotive Revenue | 28,606 | 33,777 | 41,081 | 42,996 | 44,111 |
| EBIT | 2,519 | 2,486 | 4,890 | 4,047 | 3,475 |
| EBIT Margin | 8.0% | 6.7% | 10.8% | 8.4% | 4.8% |
| EBITDA | 3,526 | 3,671 | 6,159 | 5,408 | 4,820 |
| EBITDA Margin | 11.2% | 9.9% | 13.7% | 11.3% | 7.6% |
| Total Liquidity | 15,864 | 10,090 | 12,401 | 11,595 | 11,595 |
| Net Debt | (1,719) | (2,825) | (4,025) | (3,355) | (3,355) |
| Total Debt | 2,580 | 2,724 | 2,868 | 2,736 | 2,736 |
| Gross Leverage | 0.7x | 0.7x | 0.5x | 0.5x | 0.6x |
| Net Leverage | -0.5x | -0.8x | -0.7x | -0.6x | -0.7x |
CreditSight View Comment
AS OF 08 Jan 2026We reiterate our Underperform recommendation on notes of Toyota Motor Co and Toyota Motor Credit Corporation based primarily on relative value, although we consider the Toyota bond complex to be a relatively safe haven for long-term investors.
Recommendation Reviewed: January 08, 2026
Recommendation Changed: May 09, 2025
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Fundamental View
AS OF 17 Nov 2025Management expects positive US sales momentum to continue in F2H25. China retail sales showed signs of stabilizing last quarter based on strong demand for the N7 midsize EV sedan, prompting management to raise its full-year China retail sales target to reflect positive retail sales growth in F2H25. Sustained positive retail sales growth in the US and China in the back half of FY25 would increase our confidence in the company’s ability to achieve automotive segment profitability (ex. tariffs) in FY26 considering they are Nissan’s largest markets by volume and have historically been the company’s largest automotive profit contributors.
Business Description
AS OF 17 Nov 2025- Nissan, with headquarters in Yokohama, Japan, is a leading global automotive manufacturer with a market presence in many countries around the globe. The company’s growth investments are focused primarily on Japan, North America, and China, core markets with large profit pools in which Nissan has a meaningful market share. The company’s business in China is conducted through a joint venture with Dongfeng Motor Corporation.
- Nissan’s Sales Financing segment supports the sale of its vehicles by providing financing solutions to its customers and dealers. To enhance their creditworthiness, Nissan maintains keepwell (support) agreements with its wholly owned financial subsidiaries including Nissan Motor Acceptance Corporation (NMAC) in the United States and Nissan Financial Services (NFS) in Japan.
- The Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi Alliance was established in 1999 to enhance member company scale in product development and raw material purchasing. The alliance includes equity participation, which led to Nissan holding ownership stakes in Renault (15% non-voting) and Mitsubishi (34%) and Renault holding an ownership stake in Nissan (43%). The Alliance’s automobile production volume is the third largest globally behind Toyota and Volkswagen.
Risk & Catalysts
AS OF 17 Nov 2025Nissan anticipated a consolidated operating loss of ¥275 bn in FY25, with an operating margin of -2.4%. Management confirmed the operating loss outlook reflects the full-year tariff cost, which was revised down from ¥300 bn last quarter to ¥275 bn following the reduction in the tariff rate on Japanese vehicles from 25% to 15%, along with adjustments in manufacturing locations and supplier sourcing. Management maintains its target of returning to positive automotive operating profit and free cash flow by FY26, excluding tariffs.
The Re:Nissan plan targets ¥500 bn in cost savings by FY27, evenly split between variable and fixed costs, and includes reducing the number of manufacturing sites and workforce rationalization. The company has generated 4,500 cost savings ideas for a potential impact of ¥200 bn, up from ¥150 bn last quarter and approaching its variable cost reduction target of ¥250 bn. Nissan plans to end production at its sixth of seven plants slated for closure at the end of November 2025. The company aims to exceed ¥150 bn savings by the end of FY25 and surpass ¥250 bn in fixed costs savings (its target) by the end of FY26 (March 2027).
Key Metric
AS OF 17 Nov 2025| JPY bn | FY21 | FY22 | FY23 | FY24 | LTM F2Q25 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 7,393 | 9,573 | 11,524 | 11,371 | 10,957 |
| EBIT | (78) | 218 | 394 | (78) | (274) |
| EBIT Margin | (1%) | 2% | 3% | (1%) | (2%) |
| EBITDA | 211 | 535 | 745 | 286 | 31 |
| EBITDA Margin | 2.9% | 5.6% | 6.5% | 2.5% | 1.1% |
| Total Liquidity | 3,601 | 3,658 | 4,196 | 4,272 | 2,790 |
| Net Debt | (728) | (1,213) | (1,546) | (1,498) | (991) |
| Total Debt | 973 | 687 | 468 | 661 | 1,199 |
| Gross Leverage | n/m | 1.3x | 0.6x | 2.3x | 39.2x |
| Net Leverage | -3.4x | -2.3x | -2.1x | -5.2x | -32.4x |
CreditSight View Comment
AS OF 08 Jan 2026We reiterated our Market perform recommendation on Nissan Motor and Nissan Motor Acceptance Co. (NMAC) notes based on relative value, the company’s weak near-term automotive profit outlook, partially offset by improved retail sales trends and increased visibility into near-term Re: Nissan cost savings initiatives.
Recommendation Reviewed: January 08, 2026
Recommendation Changed: July 16, 2025
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Fundamental View
AS OF 17 Nov 2025Honda is only the second automaker in our coverage universe to lower full-year operating profit guidance this quarter. While Honda expects to benefit from a 14% reduction in anticipated tariff costs compared to last quarter, management acknowledged its plans to raise US vehicles prices to mitigate tariffs have been constrained by muted competitor pricing actions. The low historic profit margins and negative outlooks by S&P and Fitch increase the importance of Honda’s tariff mitigation strategies, which have thus far been vague and focused on increasing shifts at US plants, moving production of the Civic hybrid to the US, and securing more components locally.
Business Description
AS OF 17 Nov 2025- Honda Motor Co., Ltd. engages in the manufacture and sale of automobiles, motorcycles, and power products. It operates through the following segments: Automobile, Motorcycle, Financial Services, and Power Product and Other Businesses. The Automobile segment manufactures and sells automobiles and related accessories. The Motorcycle segment handles all-terrain vehicles, motorcycle business, and related parts. The Financial Services segment provides financial and insurance services. The Power Products and Other Businesses segment offers power products and relevant parts.
- American Honda Finance Corporation (AHFC) is a wholly-owned subsidiary of American Honda Motor Co., Inc. (AHM or the Parent). Honda Canada Finance Inc. (HCFI) is a majority-owned subsidiary of AHFC. Non-controlling interest in HCFI is held by Honda Canada Inc. (HCI), an affiliate of AHFC. AHM is a wholly-owned subsidiary and HCI is an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of Honda Motor Co., Ltd. (HMC). Honda Motor Co. (HMC) maintains Keep Well (support) agreements with its North American finance subsidiaries, AHFC and HCFI. Under the Keep Well agreements, HMC agrees to (1) maintain at least 80% ownership in AHFC and HCFI, (2) ensure AHFC and HCFI maintain a positive net worth, and (3) ensure both AHFC and HCFI have sufficient liquidity to meet their debt payment obligations.
Risk & Catalysts
AS OF 17 Nov 2025Management affirmed its FY26 wholesale unit guidance for the Motorcycles and Power Products segments but lowered its Automobiles segment guidance by 8% to 3.34 mn units. The lower Automobile segment guidance reflects an anticipated 10% YoY decline compared to FY25.
The lower FY26 automobile volume guidance in Asia is broadly split between China and other Asia, which management attributed to increased competitiveness, especially from Chinese OEMs in China and other Asian countries. Management stated it needs to focus its attention on the profitable models, stabilize and then increase volumes, and enhance the profitability of its ICE and hybrid vehicles by rationalizing fixed costs.
Management lowered its FY26 consolidated operating profit forecast from ¥700 bn last quarter to ¥550 bn. The downward revision is driven by lower automobile volumes, weaker pricing expectations, partially offset by a smaller currency headwinds and lower tariff impacts. Full-year tariff impacts are now expected to total ¥385 bn (~US$2.5 bn), down from its ¥450 bn (~US$2.9 bn) estimate last quarter, based primarily on the parts tariff offset expansion.
Key Metric
AS OF 17 Nov 2025| JPY bn | FY22 | FY23 | FY24 | FY25 | LTM F2Q26 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | 11,967 | 14,167 | 17,434 | 18,509 | 18,478 |
| EBIT | 741 | 612 | 1,219 | 899 | 646 |
| EBIT Margin | 6.2% | 4.3% | 7.0% | 4.9% | 3.1% |
| EBITDA | 1,334 | 1,294 | 1,964 | 1,630 | 1,367 |
| EBITDA Margin | 11.1% | 9.1% | 11.3% | 8.8% | 7.0% |
| Total Liquidity | 4,612 | 4,926 | 6,150 | 5,368 | 5,579 |
| Net Debt | (2,481) | (2,751) | (3,762) | (3,216) | (3,054) |
| Total Debt | 837 | 803 | 863 | 646 | 1,018 |
| Gross Leverage | 0.6x | 0.6x | 0.4x | 0.4x | 0.7x |
| Net Leverage | -1.9x | -2.1x | -1.9x | -2.0x | -2.2x |
CreditSight View Comment
AS OF 08 Jan 2026We reiterate our Underperform recommendation on Honda Motor Co. and American Honda Finance Corporation notes based on relative value, its weak consolidated operating profit outlook, and concerns about restoring its automobile business to profitability over the intermediate term.
Recommendation Reviewed: January 08, 2026
Recommendation Changed: May 15, 2025
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