Sub-sector: Banks
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Fundamental View
AS OF 18 Dec 2024Toronto Dominion is rated Aa3/A+/AA- by Moody’s/S&P/Fitch, but bail-in senior debt for TD is rated A2/A-/AA-. TD was downgraded by S&P and Moody’s amidst the BSA/AML impacts on the U.S. banking business in 2024, but we don’t expect further downgrades.
TD’s credit profile is supported by its scale, profitability, and history of strong credit quality, particularly in its core domestic banking footprint. TD also sees significant revenue contributions from the growing capital markets business and wealth management. U.S. retail banking has scale and is an important part of the overall franchise, but profitability will remain challenged.
We expect TD to continue to manage capital conservatively.
Business Description
AS OF 18 Dec 2024- Toronto Dominion is the second largest depository institution in Canada with C$2,062 bn in assets as of F4Q24 and a market cap of US$93.3 bn as of December 16, 2024. The company has C$1,269 bn in total deposits.
- As of 2024, TD ranked 9th in terms of U.S. deposits with approximately US$290.1 bn in deposits and 1,137 branches (SNL). The U.S. footprint is focused on the Atlantic coast including Delaware, New Jersey, New York, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Maine, Vermont, and Pennsylvania.
Risk & Catalysts
AS OF 18 Dec 2024Toronto Dominion has a strong, largely retail-driven deposit base in both Canada and the U.S., which should mitigate the potential for a liquidity event.
The remediation efforts related to the U.S. business represent a medium term headwind for TD’s overall earnings profile, but one we view as manageable given the strength of the Canadian and Wholesale banking parts of the franchise. We expect TD to maintain strong capital and liquidity positions throughout the remediation period.
With the CEO transition, TD is conducting a strategic review of its business priorities and capital allocation, and therefore suspended its medium-term profitability targets. Management expects to provide an update to the medium-term targets in 2H25.
We view real estate-related risk in Canada as manageable for TD given low LTV of exposures in vulnerable markets and conservative underwriting, as well as significantly lower interest rates in Canada compared to the start of 2024.
Key Metric
AS OF 18 Dec 2024$ mn | FY20 | FY21 | FY22 | FY23 | LTM 4Q24 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Revenue | 30,311 | 31,801 | 35,848 | 33,866 | 37,163 |
Net Income | 8,846 | 11,371 | 13,544 | 7,883 | 6,509 |
ROAE | 1.30% | 0.79% | 0.79% | 0.79% | 0.79% |
NIM | 1.72% | 1.56% | 1.69% | 1.75% | 1.73% |
Net Charge-offs / Loans | 0.34% | 0.18% | 0.15% | 0.24% | 0.34% |
Total Assets | 1,289,484 | 1,394,270 | 1,406,122 | 1,407,709 | 1,479,549 |
Unsecured LT Funding | 55,061 | 67,073 | 88,875 | 90,998 | 87,128 |
CET1 Ratio | 13.1% | 15.2% | 16.2% | 14.4% | 13.1% |
CreditSight View Comment
AS OF 09 Dec 2024We maintain our Outperform recommendation for Toronto Dominion. Historically TD has traded as one of the tightest names in the Canadian bank peer group. However, over the past several quarters TD has traded towards the middle of the pack among Canadian banks, closer to BMO and BNS than to RBC. We continue to believe the best value in the sector in current conditions involves trading up in quality to TD and RBC (which we already rate at Outperform). With the direct financial impact of the BSA/AML settlement in the rearview mirror (but with many of the the costs of the multi-year build-out as well as costs/benefits of strategic changes in the U.S. business, still very much pending), we remain confident in credit fundamentals long-term.
Recommendation Reviewed: December 09, 2024
Recommendation Changed: March 08, 2023
Who We Recommend
BMO Financial
Hyundai Motor
State Bank of India
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Fundamental View
AS OF 18 Dec 2024State Bank of India (SBI) is the largest state-owned bank in India and is in some respects the country’s flagship bank. Given the bank’s ~57% government ownership and systemic importance, government support for SBI is very strong.
It is rated Baa3(sta)/BBB-(pos)/BBB-(sta), the same as India’s sovereign ratings. A sovereign downgrade to HY would be the greatest credit risk, but we assess that risk as low; S&P revised its outlook on India from stable to positive in May 2024.
The bank’s capital buffers are relatively low, but we take comfort in the strong government support.
Business Description
AS OF 18 Dec 2024- State Bank of India is the largest commercial bank in India. Its predecessor banks date back to the 19th century. In the early 20th century, they merged to form the Imperial Bank of India, which became the State Bank of India after India gained independence in 1947.
- The Government of India remains the largest shareholder with a 56.92% stake. Per the SBI Act, the government's shareholding cannot fall below 55%.
- SBI's merged with its 5 associate banks and Bharatiya Mahila Bank in 2018. The merger catapulted SBI into one of the world's 50 largest banks.
- The bank has 85% of its loans in the domestic market, and has steadily increased its international business too over the past few years with offices across all international business centres. The domestic book is split 42% retail, 35% corporates, ~14% SMEs and ~10% to the agri segment as of end-September 2024.
- It has diversified its operations with well regarded subsidiaries in the areas of fund management, credit cards, insurance, and capital markets.
Risk & Catalysts
AS OF 18 Dec 2024SBI does not have a strong buffer vs. the regulatory minimum of 8%, but its size, systemic importance and majority government shareholding confer particularly strong government support. But consequentially, any deterioration in the sovereign ratings will also affect the bank’s credit.
Increasing consolidation in the country’s financial space may narrow the gap between SBI’s market leading position vs its peers, particularly HDFC Bank.
Continued tight system liquidity has led to pressure on margins and loan growth of the Indian banks, but SBI’s less tight liquidity position than its private sector peers has allowed it to guide for robust loan growth of 14-16% YoY in FY25, above its deposit growth guidance of 10-11% YoY.
Asset quality is also trending well despite a stretched urban middle and lower-middle class consumer class, and slower than anticipated economic activity in India, as SBI’s personal unsecured loans book is ~95% to salaried employees of top tier corporates and the government. Net slippages however should still normalize this year.
Key Metric
AS OF 18 Dec 2024INR mn | FY21 | FY22 | FY23 | FY24 | 1H25 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
NIM | 3.04% | 3.12% | 3.37% | 3.28% | 3.18% |
ROAA | 0.48% | 0.67% | 0.96% | 1.04% | 1.13% |
ROAE | 8.4% | 11.9% | 16.5% | 17.3% | 17.8% |
Equity to Assets | 5.6% | 5.6% | 5.9% | 6.1% | 6.6% |
CET1 Ratio | 10.3% | 10.3% | 10.6% | 10.6% | 10.3% |
Gross NPA Ratio | 4.98% | 3.97% | 2.78% | 2.24% | 2.13% |
Provisions/Loans | 1.77% | 0.91% | 0.54% | 0.14% | 0.41% |
PPP ROA | 1.65% | 1.58% | 1.59% | 1.60% | 1.78% |
CreditSight View Comment
AS OF 18 Nov 2024SBI is India’s largest bank and a well-run franchise. Government support underpins SBI’s relative positioning, while fundamentally, it has the lowest net NPA, a sufficient (though could be higher) CET1 ratio, good operating metrics and business plans, and the best management among the public sector banks. Deposit competition from tight system liquidity is putting pressure on interest margins, but SBI’s less tight liquidity position than its private sector peers has allowed it to guide for continued higher loan growth than deposit growth in in FY25. India’s continued macro resiliency and SBI’s lower risk personal unsecured loans clientele is supporting asset quality well, though gross slippages are higher than key private sector peers. We like the name and affirm our M/P recommendation.
Recommendation Reviewed: November 18, 2024
Recommendation Changed: December 07, 2020
Who We Recommend
BMO Financial
Hyundai Motor
Toronto Dominion
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Fundamental View
AS OF 18 Dec 2024ICICI Bank is one of the leading private banks in India and has a good diversified business model, with well regarded life and general insurance subsidiaries.
Under its previous CEO, the bank suffered setbacks from sizeable bad debt problems in FY17/18, but the situation has since stabilised following a leadership change and the bank has done well ever since.
The bank’s Baa3(sta)/BBB-(pos)/ BB+(sta) ratings make it a cross-over credit but we assess fallen angel risk to be low.
Business Description
AS OF 18 Dec 2024- The original Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India (ICICI) was established in 1955 by the World Bank, the Government of India and representatives of Indian industry as a financial institution to provide Indian businesses with medium and long-term project financing.
- In 1994, ICICI established a commercial banking subsidiary, ICICI Bank as India's financial sector opened up, and in 2002 ICICI merged with ICICI Bank, keeping the latter's name.
- Retail now accounts for 53% of its loan book, corporates are at 20%, while rural and business banking & SMEs are at 6% and 18% respectively, and overseas (which is being de-emphasised) consists of just 3% at F1H25.
- The bank has well regarded life insurance (ICICI Prudential) and general insurance (ICICI Lombard) businesses.
Risk & Catalysts
AS OF 18 Dec 2024The Indian banks are moderating their loan growth to minimize the impact of the tight system liquidity environment on NIMs and returns, and as the RBI has guided banks to align their loan and deposit growth. ICICI however has continued to deliver both relatively strong loan and deposit growth momentum, while maintaining its leading LDR and profitability, in testament to its strong franchise.
We are cautious about Indian unsecured retail given a stretched urban middle and lower-middle class consumer with high inflation and interest costs, and economic activity in India has been slower than anticipated. ICICI’s earlier prudence towards the segment than peers however is keeping asset quality well controlled. We are though watchful of the MSME and business banking segments where growth has been brisk.
Leadership and governance issues under the previous CEO Ms. Chanda Kochhar have been dealt with well, since her replacement in Oct-18.
Key Metric
AS OF 18 Dec 2024INR bn | FY21 | FY22 | FY23 | FY24 | 1H25 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
NIM | 3.69% | 3.96% | 4.48% | 4.53% | 4.31% |
ROAA | 1.39% | 1.77% | 2.13% | 2.37% | 2.37% |
ROAE | 12.3% | 14.7% | 17.2% | 18.7% | 18.3% |
Equity/Assets | 12.0% | 12.1% | 12.6% | 12.7% | 13.0% |
CET1 Ratio | 16.7% | 17.3% | 16.9% | 15.4% | 14.4% |
Gross NPA Ratio | 4.96% | 3.60% | 2.81% | 2.16% | 1.97% |
Provisions/Loans | 2.05% | 0.97% | 0.65% | 0.30% | 0.38% |
PPP ROA | 3.13% | 2.97% | 3.28% | 3.36% | 3.40% |
CreditSight View Comment
AS OF 18 Dec 2024ICICI Bank is a preferred name among the Indian FIs we cover. We like the bank’s robust capital and loan loss buffers, strong asset quality, as well as peer leading margins, profitability and liquidity position. Under its previous CEO, the bank suffered setbacks from sizable bad debt problems in FY17/18 but the situation has since stabilised following a leadership change. The bank has emerged stronger from a capital, asset quality and earnings perspective, as it de-risked its book, and took pro-active actions to protect its capital by raising equity and selling small stakes in its well-regarded insurance subsidiaries to raise funds and set aside more general provisions. ICICI last issued a $ bond in 2017.
Recommendation Reviewed: December 18, 2024
Recommendation Changed: December 07, 2020
Who We Recommend
BMO Financial
Hyundai Motor
Toronto Dominion
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Fundamental View
AS OF 16 Dec 2024Goldman Sachs’ performance and market share in its core legacy businesses of investment banking and sales and trading have remained very solid, working through soft periods associated with rising rates; with market conditions improving into 2025 these businesses should continue to excel.
Goldman’s results have been weighed in recent years by costs associated with exiting the unsuccessful foray into various consumer banking businesses; such costs are largely in the rearview mirror. Wealth and Asset Management are now the most likely areas of growth in the coming years, where Goldman can leverage its strengths in HNW and alternative asset management.
Goldman Sachs’ (A2/BBB+/A) HoldCo long-term debt ratings have stable outlooks.
Business Description
AS OF 16 Dec 2024- Goldman Sachs is now the fifth largest bank holding company in the U.S. with approximately $1.73 tn in assets as of 3Q24 and a market capitalization of $198.4 bn as of Nov 21, 2024.
- Goldman Sachs presents its activities through three business segments: Global Banking & Markets, Asset & Wealth Management, and Platform Solutions.
- Goldman's historical strengths include equity and FICC sales & trading, investment banking, institutional investment management including alternatives, and high net worth wealth management. It has been expanding its wealth management client base, and adding other stable fee income streams amid a sluggish capital market environment.
Risk & Catalysts
AS OF 16 Dec 2024The early 2020’s have been a mixed bag– the foray into consumer lending was costly and ultimately was reversed, diverting capital and management attention and providing a meaningful drag on profitability. Goldman has re-focused on its core businesses, though its profile will remain less diversified than large GSIB peers.
Goldman could participate in further M&A to achieve its long-term strategic goals, most likely through add-on deals related to asset/wealth management.
Goldman could be impacted by the lack of liquidity in the secondary markets during periods of market turmoil, but for the most part, has been positively impacted by bouts of volatility which tend to spur more client trading activity. Goldman is subject to significant market and counterparty risks though these are captured in elevated capital requirements as a result of the DFAST and SCB regime.
Key Metric
AS OF 16 Dec 2024$ mn | FY20 | FY21 | FY22 | FY23 | 3Q24 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ROAE (annual) | 10.3% | 21.3% | 9.7% | 7.3% | 10.3% |
ROAA (annual) | 0.8% | 1.5% | 0.7% | 0.5% | 0.7% |
PPNR / Avg. Assets | 1.34% | 1.86% | 1.08% | 3.29% | 1.00% |
Efficiency Ratio | 66% | 54% | 65% | 282% | 66% |
Net charge-offs (LTM) / Loans | 0.70% | 0.19% | 0.30% | 0.68% | 0.64% |
Common Dividend Payout | 19.0% | 10.6% | 28.4% | 158.9% | 30.9% |
CET1 Ratio | 14.1% | 13.6% | 15.0% | 14.4% | 14.7% |
Supplementary Leverage Ratio (SLR) | 6.9% | 5.5% | 5.8% | 5.5% | 5.5% |
Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) | 128% | 122% | 129% | 128% | 126% |
CreditSight View Comment
AS OF 05 Dec 2024We maintain our Market perform recommendation for Goldman Sachs; we remain quite comfortable with the name fundamentally but see better value at JPMorgan and Wells Fargo among money center banks, particularly in the context of our shift to a more defensive stance across the sector. Goldman should be back to a normal pace of issuance so technicals should not be quite as much of a tailwind going forward as they had been in 2023 and early 2024, though the fundamental picture continues to improve with improved capital markets conditions as well as reduced drag from exited businesses. Results in 3Q24 showed further momentum in the investment banking businesses and particularly strong equities activity; conditions are helping A&WM as well.
Recommendation Reviewed: December 05, 2024
Recommendation Changed: January 12, 2022
Who We Recommend
BMO Financial
Hyundai Motor
Toronto Dominion
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Fundamental View
AS OF 10 Dec 2024WFC is a leading domestic bank with strong positioning across consumer and commercial lending asset classes and a top 3 deposit market share in the U.S.
The core credit risk profile remains solid; the company has actively shed non-core assets and business lines (including WFAM), both as a means of managing under the Fed’s asset cap and part of new-ish CEO Scharf’s streamline strategy.
The balance sheet is strong, but WFC continues to suffer from internal deficiencies across a range of compliance and risk mgmt. functions unearthed after the fake account scandal. Positively, the Fed reportedly approved WFC’s overhaul plans, a crucial step in the remediation process; WFC also continues to close outstanding consent orders, though some remain outstanding.
Business Description
AS OF 10 Dec 2024- Wells Fargo ranks as the U.S.'s 4th largest bank by total assets ($1.92 tn at 3Q24) and 3rd largest by total deposits ($1.35 tn).
- Wells Fargo ranks 3rd in terms of U.S. deposits with approximately $1.37 tn in deposits at YE23 and 4,379 branches across the U.S. (S&P Capital IQ). The company has leading market shares across its geographically diverse footprint, including in California (#3), South Dakota (#2), Florida (#2), Texas (#3), Minnesota (#2), and Georgia (#3).
- Wells Fargo's major business lines include U.S. retail banking, mortgage banking, consumer finance, corporate and middle market banking, and wealth management.
Risk & Catalysts
AS OF 10 Dec 2024The asset cap and associated regulatory remediation remains a millstone with an unknown timeframe, though recent reporting has the cap being lifted in 2025. There was some risk that Wells could bleed share and franchise value in an economic recovery if the company cannot fully capture the business opportunity due to the asset cap, though so far that has not been the case given freed up balance sheet capacity earlier in 2020-22 and the sharp slowdown in loan growth since.
Wells Fargo faces reputational risk tied to those misconduct and business practices scandals, though likely fading with time and remediation progress; at 3Q24, WFC high-end estimable loss above legal accruals was $2 bn.
Wells has less fee income diversification as peers, largely due to the much smaller scale of the capital markets businesses and smaller presence in credit cards, both points of emphasis under Scharf as Wells embarked on aggressive card product refreshes and trading buildout.
Key Metric
AS OF 10 Dec 2024$ mn | FY20 | FY21 | FY22 | FY23 | 3Q24 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ROAE (annual) | 1.8% | 11.4% | 7.3% | 10.5% | 9.9% |
ROAA (annual) | 0.17% | 1.11% | 0.70% | 1.00% | 0.94% |
PPNR / Avg. Assets | 0.72% | 1.26% | 0.91% | 5.14% | 1.35% |
Efficiency Ratio | 81% | 70% | 78% | 281% | 68% |
Net Interest Margin (Annual) | 2.27% | 2.05% | 2.63% | 3.05% | 2.79% |
Net charge-offs (LTM) / Loans | 0.34% | 0.18% | 0.17% | 0.37% | 0.52% |
Common Dividend Payout | 152% | 11% | 32% | 108% | 28% |
CET1 Ratio | 11.6% | 11.4% | 10.6% | 11.4% | 11.3% |
Supplementary Leverage Ratio (SLR) | 8.1% | 6.9% | 6.9% | 7.1% | 6.9% |
Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) | 133% | 118% | 122% | 125% | 125% |
CreditSight View Comment
AS OF 05 Dec 2024Our move to an Outperform view in 3Q24 is predicated on spread value among Big 6 peers, with WFC anchored at the wide end since SVB despite trading firmly through bellwether JPM for most of the past decade. Though unlikely to move spreads, when WFC is finally released from the asset cap (rumored for 2025) it will have credible claim to the best-in-class risk management and compliance framework, which has real value for bondholders and should reduce headline/noise risk going forward. Regulatory-driven supply risk has abated with BISIII delay and softening, but could still be a headwind as WFC will look to grow capital markets post-asset cap. The strong fundamental risk profile is highlighted by 11%+ CET1, improved/improving profitability, and the right strategic moves under CEO Scharf.
Recommendation Reviewed: December 05, 2024
Recommendation Changed: October 14, 2024
Who We Recommend
BMO Financial
Hyundai Motor
Toronto Dominion
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Fundamental View
AS OF 10 Dec 2024JPMorgan is one of the strongest and best positioned banks to navigate the current environment, with a well-diversified business model and good competitive positioning across a variety of lending and capital markets areas.
The company continues to deploy its considerable earnings power into reinvestment, specifically around technology where we are bullish on its ability to drive competitive advantages through strategic enhancements and efficiency gains.
Business Description
AS OF 10 Dec 2024- JPMorgan ranks as the largest U.S. bank by total assets ($3.87 tn at 3Q24) and deposits ($2.40 tn at 3Q24).
- JPMorgan ranks 1st in terms of U.S. deposits with approximately $2.07 tn in deposits at YE23 across 4,891 branches (S&P Capital IQ). JPMorgan's footprint includes New York (#1), Texas (#1), California (#2), Illinois (#1), Michigan (#1), Arizona (#1), Ohio (#5), and Florida (#4), among others.
- JPMorgan's major business lines include investment banking, retail banking, card services, treasury & securities services, commercial banking, and asset & wealth management.
Risk & Catalysts
AS OF 10 Dec 2024Succession planning at JPMorgan has a higher profile than many peers, with CEO Dimon (68 year-old) having held the top spot for over 15 years. Another recent round of shuffling top management did not yield much clarity, with presumed frontrunners Marianne Lake becoming sole CEO of the Consumer Bank and Jennifer Piepszak moving over to co-CEO of the new Commercial & Investment Bank segment, alongside Troy Rohrbaugh who has been running Markets & Securities Services.
The sector remains exposed to reputational, legislative/administrative risk, and cyber threats, although the significant tech spend over the past few years should (theoretically) result in a stronger position for JPM to manage the security threats.
Although not likely a credit risk, JPMorgan may continue to be acquisitive around non-bank financial and ancillary services; but we would expect any deal to be conservatively funded and looking to further technology and fee income strategies (e.g. payments or asset management).
Key Metric
AS OF 10 Dec 2024$ mn | FY20 | FY21 | FY22 | FY23 | 3Q24 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
ROAE (annual) | 10.9% | 17.0% | 13.2% | 16.0% | 16.2% |
ROAA (annual) | 0.9% | 1.3% | 1.0% | 1.3% | 1.3% |
PPNR / Avg. Assets | 1.52% | 1.32% | 1.39% | 7.06% | 1.91% |
Efficiency Ratio | 57% | 59% | 58% | 214% | 56% |
Net Interest Margin (Annual) | 1.98% | 1.63% | 2.00% | 2.70% | 2.68% |
Net charge-offs (LTM) / Loans | 0.52% | 0.26% | 0.25% | 0.48% | 0.62% |
Common Dividend Payout | 38% | 24% | 32% | 101% | 25% |
CET1 Ratio | 13.1% | 13.1% | 13.2% | 15.0% | 15.3% |
Supplementary Leverage Ratio (SLR) | 6.9% | 5.4% | 5.6% | 6.1% | 6.0% |
Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) | 110% | 110% | 110% | 112% | 112% |
CreditSight View Comment
AS OF 05 Dec 2024Our upgrade to an Outperform view on JPM is all about defensive value: rightfully perceived as the industry bellwether, spread differentials among Big 6 peers have collapsed with investors now able to rotate into highest quality with only a nominal spread sacrifice. Bank spreads also still look fairly cheap against corporates, especially the more defensive A-tier given record tight quality spreads in IG, further underpinning our bullish view. Technicals may be mildly supportive, with larger JPM facing ~$25 bn in maturities/calls in FY25, below BAC with peer banks in the $21-22 bn range. Core credit strengths including capitalization may slide with the BISIII softening and delay, but from an extremely strong starting point.
Recommendation Reviewed: December 05, 2024
Recommendation Changed: December 05, 2024
Who We Recommend
BMO Financial
Hyundai Motor
Toronto Dominion
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Fundamental View
AS OF 09 Dec 2024BNP’s financial strength is based on its strong franchises across retail, commercial and investment banking, and its wide business and geographic diversification. Profitability is sound and fairly resilient, while asset quality has held up well.
Uncertainty around the financial health of the French sovereign and its ratings have the capacity to weigh on BNP’s stock price and its credit spreads.
Capital ratios are run tightly considering BNP’s balance sheet size, although this is in the context of its liquid and well-managed risk profile.
Business Description
AS OF 09 Dec 2024- BNP is one of the most diversified banking groups in Europe, having been created from a merger of the retail/commercial bank BNP and the corporate/investment bank Paribas in 2000.
- Domestic Markets (DM) comprises the Group's four retail banking networks in the eurozone and its three specialised business lines (including leasing and digital banking). The retail banks are French Retail Banking (FRB), BNL in Italy, BNP Paribas Fortis in Belgium and BGL BNP Paribas in Luxembourg.
- International Financial Services (IFS) includes consumer finance, asset management and private banking, and subsidiaries in non-eurozone countries, including TEB in Turkey and BNP Paribas Bank Polska.
- Corporate & Institutional Banking (CIB) is a global provider of financial solutions to corporate and institutional clients and includes BNP's extensive trading and investment banking businesses.
Risk & Catalysts
AS OF 10 Dec 2024Pressure on margins is high in Personal Finance, and despite the change in product mix – reducing the concentration in Personal loans and credit cards and moving to Auto loans, it was still a difficult FY23.
BNP Paribas remains the subject of various claims concerning the Madoff matter; amongst other claims. Litigation provisions on the balance sheet stood at €841 mn at 30 June 2024. BNP says the latest claims against it stand at $1.1 bn as of June 2024.
If there was a negative rating action on the sovereign via an outlook change or notch downgrade, it is possible that BNP’s ratings will be impacted but it is difficult to say with any uncertainty. France represents around 30% of revenues and gross commitments on balance sheet and sovereign bond holdings are moderate; we discuss more below.
BNP is increasingly using significant risk transfers, mainly synthetic securitisations of loan portfolios, to gain regulatory capital relief and manage credit risk.
Key Metric
AS OF 09 Dec 2024mn | 3Q24 | Y23 | Y22 | Y21 | Y20 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Return On Equity | 9.3% | 9.0% | 8.2% | 8.2% | 6.4% |
Total Revenues Margin | 1.8% | 1.7% | 1.7% | 1.8% | 1.9% |
Cost/Income | 60.4% | 62.6% | 60.7% | 67.3% | 68.2% |
CET1 Ratio (Transitional) | 12.7% | 13.2% | 12.3% | 12.9% | 12.8% |
CET1 Ratio (Fully-Loaded) | 12.7% | 13.2% | 12.3% | 12.9% | 12.8% |
Leverage Ratio (Fully-Loaded) | 4.4% | 4.6% | 4.4% | 4.1% | 4.9% |
Liquidity Coverage Ratio | 124.0% | 148.0% | 129.0% | 143.0% | 154.0% |
Impaired Loans (Gross)/Total Loans | n/a | 2.9% | 2.9% | 3.3% | 3.6% |
CreditSight View Comment
AS OF 17 Dec 2024BNP remains one of the more diversified bank names in Europe. Its strong business and geographic diversification has helped it maintain good profitability and asset quality. It has extensive operations in Italy via its subsidiary BN. Earnings have been resilient and CIB in particular a stand-out performer. Liquidity and funding metrics look sound. Asset quality has held up well, although an outlier is the group’s personal finance business. The latter is being restructured, to focus more on auto finance rather than personal lending. BNP’s capital position strengthened in 2024 but it will weaken in 2025/6. It is looking to expand now in insurance and asset management, likely to grow fee income. A catalyst remains potential negative rating changes.
Recommendation Reviewed: December 17, 2024
Recommendation Changed: October 30, 2018
Who We Recommend
BMO Financial
Hyundai Motor
Toronto Dominion
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Fundamental View
AS OF 02 Dec 2024- Our credit view on China Construction Bank (CCB; ratings: A1(neg)/A(stb)/A(neg)) is based on a strong likelihood of state support in the event of distress, given its large size, systemic importance and majority government ownership.
- Its systemic importance is enhanced by the key role it plays in financing China’s economic development and its close government links (and large government shareholding).
- The Big 4 banks are generally more prudently managed than the non-Merchants joint stock banks, but they are also subject to greater directed lending at low/no margins.
Business Description
AS OF 02 Dec 2024- CCB is one of the Big 4 Chinese banks and is classified as a G-SIB requiring an additional capital surcharge of 1.5%.
- CCB was originally formed in 1954 as a subsidiary of China's MOF to disburse funds intended for fixed asset investment. In the early 1980s, it started taking deposits and making loans outside of direct MOF control. In 1998, its NPLs were transferred to Cinda AMC in exchange for RMB 247 bn of Cinda bonds.
- The bank was re-capitalised again in 2003 with an injection of $23 bn by the PBOC. It was listed in 2005 but the Chinese government remains its controlling shareholder with a 57.14% stake held through state-owned Central Huijin.
- The bank owns CCB Asia and CCB International in Hong Kong, as well as operations in a number of countries.
Risk & Catalysts
AS OF 02 Dec 2024- China’s sovereign ratings (A1(neg)/A+(stb)/A+(neg)) underpin CCB’s credit standing; any deterioration in the sovereign ratings will negatively affect CCB’s ratings.
- CCB may be asked by the government to perform “national service” that overrides profitability considerations, e.g. supporting troubled property developers and the real economy by extending loans at lower rates. We would not regard such actions as credit-negative as they reflect close government links that also underpin the bank’s credit standing.
- As a G-SIB, CCB has a substantial TLAC shortfall to meet by 1 January 2028, whereas meeting the 1 January 2025 requirement appears manageable on the back of its domestic TLAC issue plan, and the planned equity injection by the government.
Key Metric
AS OF 02 Dec 2024RMB bn | FY20 | FY21 | FY22 | FY23 | 9M24 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
PPOP ROA | 1.96% | 1.87% | 1.66% | 1.44% | 1.37% |
Reported ROA | 1.02% | 1.04% | 1.00% | 0.91% | 0.87% |
Reported ROE | 12.1% | 12.6% | 12.3% | 11.6% | 11.0% |
Equity/Assets | 8.4% | 8.6% | 8.3% | 8.2% | 8.1% |
CET1 Ratio | 13.6% | 13.6% | 13.7% | 13.1% | 14.1% |
NPL Ratio | 1.56% | 1.42% | 1.38% | 1.37% | 1.35% |
Provisions/Average Loans | 1.19% | 0.95% | 0.77% | 0.61% | 0.59% |
Loan-Deposit Ratio | 81% | 84% | 85% | 86% | 90% |
CreditSight View Comment
AS OF 01 Nov 2024CCB is the 3rd-largest of the Chinese state-owned commercial banks and benefits from a strong franchise and close state links. Its capital ratios are the strongest in the sector. Its profitability and asset quality has recently been impacted by its social duties to support the real economy including stepping up lending towards the property sector, but we do not regard such actions as credit-negative as they reflect the close government links that also underpin the bank’s credit standing. We have moved CCB from Underperform to Market perform on the back of fair $ FRN notes trading levels and the upcoming state capital injection.
Recommendation Reviewed: November 01, 2024
Recommendation Changed: September 26, 2024
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Fundamental View
AS OF 02 Dec 2024- Bank of China (BCHINA; ratings: A1(neg)/A(stb)/A(neg)) is one of the Big 4 banks in China. Its subsidiary, BOC Hong Kong, is one of the major banks in HK.
- BCHINA’s systemic importance is enhanced by the leading role it plays in China’s international trade and investment and strong government links.
- BCHINA’s capital standing and reserve cover are a little weaker than ICBCAS and CCB, but the Big 4 banks have generally been managed more prudently compared to the non-Merchants joint stock banks.
Business Description
AS OF 02 Dec 2024- While its origins date back to China's last imperial dynasty, BCHINA was formally established in 1912 and has played the role of China's international bank for more than a century. Its operations outside mainland China include its 66.06%-owned subsidiary Bank of China (HK).
- After 1949, BCHINA became a state entity but was focused on FX and financing of foreign trade. It was set on a path of commercialisation in 1994 but only became a corporate entity in 2003 prior to its listings in HK and Shanghai in 2006. BCHINA is controlled by the government via a 64.13% stake held by Central Huijin.
- BCHINA was effectively insolvent in the late 1990s and the removal of NPLs to an AMC in 1999 did not fully deal with its legacy bad loans. In 2003, the bank received another $22.5 bn capital injection, paving the way for BOC's HK listing in 2006.
- BCHINA is a G-SIB with a capital surcharge of 1.5%. BOCHK is a D-SIB in HK, and is also the holding company for all of BCHINA's Southeast Asian operations excluding Singapore.
Risk & Catalysts
AS OF 02 Dec 2024- China’s sovereign ratings (A1(neg)/A+(stb)/A+(neg)) are a key factor behind BCHINA’s credit standing.
- BCHINA is managed on commercial terms, but fulfilling the government’s socioeconomic objectives may at times override profitability considerations and require the bank to perform “national service”. We would not regard such actions as credit-negative as they reflect close government links that also underpin the bank’s credit standing.
- BCHINA’s overseas footprint has to some extent offset the onshore NIM pressure and led to a stabler NIM compared to peers in FY23. However, its NIM has also been under pressure in FY24 due to higher non-CNY funding costs.
- As a G-SIB, BCHINA has a substantial TLAC shortfall to meet by 1 January 2028, whereas meeting the 1 January 2025 requirement appears manageable, on the back of its domestic TLAC issue plan and the upcoming government equity injection.
Key Metric
AS OF 02 Dec 2024RMB bn | FY20 | FY21 | FY22 | FY23 | 9M24 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
PPP ROA | 1.55% | 1.48% | 1.39% | 1.31% | 1.23% |
Credit Costs | 0.87% | 0.70% | 0.63% | 0.57% | 0.55% |
Reported ROA | 0.87% | 0.89% | 0.85% | 0.80% | 0.75% |
Reported ROE | 10.6% | 11.3% | 10.8% | 10.1% | 9.6% |
Total Equity/Total Assets | 8.4% | 8.3% | 8.4% | 8.1% | 8.0% |
CET1 Ratio | 11.3% | 11.3% | 11.8% | 11.6% | 12.2% |
NPL Ratio | 1.46% | 1.33% | 1.32% | 1.27% | 1.26% |
Loan-Deposit Ratio | 84% | 87% | 87% | 87% | 90% |
CreditSight View Comment
AS OF 01 Nov 2024BCHINA is one of the Big 4 banks (4th largest by assets) with a reasonable capital stack and sufficient liquidity. Its majority government ownership and systemic importance assures it of strong state support. Its NIM and profitability has trailed its more domestically-focused peers due to higher cost-income ratios of its overseas operations, but its credit costs are also the lowest among the Big 5. It had a larger QoQ NIM contraction than peers in 3Q24 as its overseas businesses are also faced with rate cuts. We have moved BCHINA from Underperform to Market perform on the back of fair $ FRN notes trading levels and the upcoming state capital injection.
Recommendation Reviewed: November 01, 2024
Recommendation Changed: September 26, 2024
Who We Recommend
BMO Financial
Hyundai Motor
Toronto Dominion
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Fundamental View
AS OF 02 Dec 2024Bangkok Bank (BBL: Baa1(stb)/BBB+(stb)/BBB(stb)) is a family run conservative financial institution, with high capital and liquidity levels.
It acquired Indonesia’s Permata Bank in 2020 which resulted in a meaningful decline in its CET1 ratio to 14%. It is back to ~16% range and management aims to keep the CET1 ratio at ~16% in prepartion for Basel III final reforms.
Profitability (ROA and ROE) has historically been below the industry average, due in part to higher exposure to the lower-yielding corporates segment that has resulted in a lower NIM. However, the returns gap has narrowed as this has supported its asset quality outperformance versus peers in the current sluggish macroeconomic environment.
Business Description
AS OF 02 Dec 2024- Bangkok Bank was set up in 1944 and was listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand in 1975. It is a family-run bank and the current President of the bank, Chartsiri Sophonpanich, is the grandson of the founder of the bank.
- It is the largest bank by assets in Thailand. It was briefly surpassed by Kasikornbank in 2018, but the Bank Permata acquisition has taken BBL back to No.1.
- The bank is corporate-loan focused, and the loan book was split 46% corporate, 18% SME, 12% retail, and 24% international as at end-September 2024. It is by far the most international amongst the Thai banks, with branches in 14 economies.
- BBL's overseas presence has been enhanced by the acquisition of Bank Permata, the 12th largest bank in Indonesia. Bank Permata's asset size is ~10% of that of BBL.
Risk & Catalysts
AS OF 02 Dec 2024Returns have caught up well with peers as the more resilient large corporate book has supported lower credit costs and better BOT rate hike pass through to the NIM, given the backdrop of high household debt, challenged SMEs and sluggish growth momentum. However, we see greater NIM pressure on BBL than most peers henceforth as rate cuts flow through, due to its larger domestic and international corporate loan book (which tend to be floating rate).
Loan growth has been middling across the Thai banks due to a focus on quality amid the current backdrop.
The acquisition of Bank Permata of Indonesia in May 2020 provides BBL with exposure to the high growth opportunities of the Indonesian market, which is the bank’s identified main base for overseas expansion, but this also presents higher risks.
Key Metric
AS OF 02 Dec 2024THB mn | FY20 | FY21 | FY22 | FY23 | 9M24 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
PPP ROA | 1.50% | 1.65% | 1.60% | 1.92% | 2.08% |
ROA | 0.49% | 0.65% | 0.67% | 0.93% | 1.03% |
ROE | 3.9% | 5.6% | 5.9% | 8.1% | 8.5% |
Equity / Assets | 11.8% | 11.4% | 11.5% | 11.8% | 12.3% |
CET1 Ratio | 14.9% | 15.2% | 14.9% | 15.4% | 16.6% |
Calculated NPL ratio | 3.90% | 3.20% | 3.10% | 2.70% | 3.40% |
Provisions / Loans | 1.41% | 1.38% | 1.24% | 1.26% | 1.35% |
Gross LDR | 84% | 82% | 84% | 84% | 85% |
Liquidity Coverage Ratio | 291% | 270% | 271% | n/m | n/m |
CreditSight View Comment
AS OF 22 Oct 2024Bangkok Bank’s strength has been its large corporate book and strong capital. Returns though have been lower due to thinner corporate margins, and we see greater NIM pressure on BBL than most peers from the turn in base rates. BBL completed the acquisition of Indonesia’s Bank Permata (~12% of loans) in 2Q20 which reduced its CET1 ratio to 14%, but it has since rebuilt it to >16%. While disclosure from BBL is less than other key Thai banks and both systems face an overhang of COVID relief loans, we take comfort from BBL’s strong loss buffers and large corporate book which will aid stable asset quality and credit costs. We keep BBL on M/P but think its seniors should trade around 5 bp inside its Thai peers.
Recommendation Reviewed: October 22, 2024
Recommendation Changed: January 25, 2023